can you dumb that down for me Scott? not sure exactly what you mean.
Basically, the presence of soils, especially if from an organic source - blood and other body fluids for example, will cause the disinfectant not to work as well. The more contamination, the less the disinfectants work.
Most disinfectants are tested on very clean surfaces. Some that want to get a specific rating or endorsement are tested in the presence of 5% dried blood. Most disinfectants, especially quats commonly used in our industry, could not pass that test. They would not work if 5% of the surface they are disinfecting is covered with blood or other contamination.
So, one needs to clean the surface they want to sanitize or disinfect first. Then the application of the disinfectant is the second step.